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A protean career attitude is the most attractive and coping career adjustment attitude nowadays. Based on the social exchange theory, this study empirically analyses the association between protean career attitude and affective organisational commitment for Malaysian hotel industry employees. It also examines the COVID-19 situation's retrospective repercussions and career uncertainty. The study also investigates the moderating role of organisational career management on the relationship between protean career attitudes and affective organisational commitment. During the pandemic, a cross-sectional survey was given to 403 hotel managers working in four- or five-star hotels. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling in Smart-PLS. The results showed that self-directed and value-driven protean career attitudes undermine affective organisational commitment. Organisational career management significantly moderated the relationship between a protean career attitude and affective organisational commitment. In light of this, organisational career management is essential when dealing with protean careers. Lastly, the person's practical implications are significant. People should have a protean career attitude to deal with unpredictability, such as the COVID-19 epidemic and remain invincible over the long run. © 2023 by the authors.
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BACKGROUND: Hip fractures are devastating injuries, with high health and social care costs. Despite national standards and guidelines, substantial variation persists in hospital delivery of hip fracture care and patient outcomes. This qualitative study aimed to identify organisational processes that can be targeted to reduce variation in service provision and improve patient care. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 40 staff delivering hip fracture care in four UK hospitals. Twenty-three anonymised British Orthopaedic Association reports addressing under-performing hip fracture services were analysed. Following Thematic Analysis of both data sources, themes were transposed onto domains both along and across the hip fracture care pathway. RESULTS: Effective pre-operative care required early alert of patient admission and the availability of staff in emergency departments to undertake assessments, investigations and administer analgesia. Coordinated decision-making between medical and surgical teams regarding surgery was key, with strategies to ensure flexible but efficient trauma lists. Orthogeriatric services were central to effective service delivery, with collaborative working and supervision of junior doctors, specialist nurses and therapists. Information sharing via multidisciplinary meetings was facilitated by joined up information and technology systems. Service provision was improved by embedding hip fracture pathway documents in induction and training and ensuring their consistent use by the whole team. Hospital executive leadership was important in prioritising hip fracture care and advocating service improvement. Nominated specialty leads, who jointly owned the pathway and met regularly, actively steered services and regularly monitored performance, investigating lapses and consistently feeding back to the multidisciplinary team. CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the importance of representation from all teams and departments involved in the multidisciplinary care pathway, to deliver integrated hip fracture care. Complex, potentially modifiable, barriers and facilitators to care delivery were identified, informing recommendations to improve effective hip fracture care delivery, and assist hospital services when re-designing and implementing service improvements.
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Delivery of Health Care , Hip Fractures , Humans , Hip Fractures/surgery , HospitalsABSTRACT
Internet of Things (IoT) is a critical component of Industry 4.0. It has extensive applications in the monitoring of production systems in manufacturing and services. This technology opens up newer and innovative possibilities in manufacturing by facilitating higher performance. IoT's major capability is to collect and share information with the help of internet-connected machines and devices. It is associated with unique identification numbers or codes that can be controllable through our daily use devices like smartphones. This technology's major components are software, hardware with the network's connectivity for data altercation, and collection. IoT creates disruptive innovation in the field of manufacturing. The need is to understand this technology and how it can help the contemporary production systems. Here, we have studied the potential of this technology to provide better solutions in Industry 4.0. The major drivers of IoT for Industry 4.0 are studied. This paper discusses how Industry 4.0 helps create a smart factory. Finally, we have identified and studied significant IoT applications to adopt Industry 4.0 successfully, and the same is presented in tabular form. With proper implementation of this technology, industries observe an improvement in efficiency during the manufacturing of products. Manufacturing is done with lesser cost and errors. However, there is a long way to reap full benefits for humankind.
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Industry 4.0 though launched less than a decade ago, has revolutionized the way technologies are being used. It has found its application in almost every field of manufacturing, cybersecurity, health, banking, and other services. Industry 4.0 is heavily dependent on interconnectivity and data. Machine learning (ML) acts as a foundation for building industry 4.0 applications. In this paper, we have provided a broad view of how ML is necessary to accomplish the benefits of industry 4.0. The paper includes ML usage in companies and the limitations of ML, which need to be mitigated. There are also some instances of the failure of ML algorithms and their repercussions. Though industry 4.0 requires a lot more inputs and capital than normal processes, the long-run benefits outweigh the initial costs. ML is gaining popularity, and extensive research is happening to exploit its potential and develop full smart applications.
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Virtual reality (VR) has applications in cardiology to create enhancement, thereby improving the quality of associated planning, treatment and surgery. The need is to study different applications of this technology in the field of cardiology. We have studied research papers on VR and its applications in cardiology through a detailed bibliometric analysis. The study identified five significant steps for proper implementation of this technology in cardiology. Some challenges are to be undertaken by using this technology, and they can provide some benefits;thus, authors contemplate extensive research and development. This study also identifies 10 major VR technology applications in cardiology and provided a brief description. This innovative technology helps a heart surgeon to perform complex heart surgery effectively. Thus, VR applications have the potential for improving decision-making, which helps save human life. VR plays a significant role in the development of a surgical procedure. This technology undertakes 3D heart model information in full colour, which helps to analyze the overall heart vane, blockage and blood flow. With the help of this digital technology, a surgeon can improve the accuracy of heart surgery, and he can simulate the surgery. A surgeon can undertake surgery in a virtual environment on a virtual patient. The unique purpose of this technology is to practice pre-operatively on the specific circumstance. A cardiologist can also check the proper status of inner and outer heart wall layer. Thus, by using this 3D information, the surgeon can now interact with heart data/information without any physical touch. This technology opens a new opportunity to improve the heart surgery and development in cardiovascular treatment to improve patient outcome.
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Apart from the physical effects of Covid-19, psychological effects are seen as well in the general population. In pregnant females, psychological impact leads to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Due to limited data, the mental health of COVID-19 positive pregnant patients is not clear especially in relation to isolation in hospital, treatment, time and mode of delivery. Objective: To determine and compare frequency of anxiety and depression in pregnant women with and without COVID-19. Material and Methods: It was a comparative cross-sectional study that was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SGRH, Lahore. 60 pregnant females were enrolled and underwent nasopharyngeal swab for PCR and had HRCT to determine Covid-19 status. HADS was applied on all pregnant females to assess depression and anxiety and findings were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: The mean age, gestational age, anxiety scores and depression scores were 29.93±4.15, 31.1±6.28, 10.56±3.29 and 10.02±2.72 respectively. There were 60% Covid positive pregnant females, depression was present in 31.7% and anxiety was present in 65% females. Comparison of pregnant females with or without Covid infection in terms of depression and anxiety using independent T-test revealed that anxiety was significantly associated with Covid positive status (p=0.032), however, no significant association was seen between depression and covid status (p=0.641) (table 3). Conclusion: Covid-19 was frequently seen in pregnant females and was significantly associated with high frequency of anxiety. Depression was less commonly seen and was not significantly associated with Covid-19 infection.
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In Mexico, the fragility fractures (FF) represent a public health problem;recent reports state rates of almost 2,000 cases for every 100,000 inhabitants with an expected sevenfold increase by 2050 (Clark.P- 2005). Hip fracture cases will go up from 155,875 to 226,886 in 2050 (5.2 to 7.2 timesmore than those registered in 2005) (Johansson.H-2011). According to ICUROS-Mx study mortality after FF was 20.2%. Quality of life after FF is affected significantly (Borgstrom.F-2013). The costs related with the handling of nonpharmacological low bone mass (osteopenia), osteoporosis and FF are high in our country;they reach over 5,191 million (MXP) in 2010 and $ 7,575 million pesos in 2020 (Carlos.F-2013). TheMexican health care system comprises two sectors: public and private, offers coverage to 82.2% of the 119.5 million inhabitants registered in that year. An example is Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Victoriode- la-Fuente-Narváez where the traumatology unit alone will require a budget greater than 315,000,000 million (MXP) per year as per 2050 forecasts. We show the direct costs derived from the most frequent FF according to the Group Related Diagnosis (GRP) published in 2017 by the IMSS with costs updated to 2020 (Gilma.A-2014). Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) with a worldwide successful experience for the care of FF patients offer diverse and feasible models enable to adapt to different Health Systems settings. The aim of this review is to put forward the possible implementation of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) Capture the Fracture® program) in Mexico. The initial experience in the implementation of the Capture the Fracture program in diverse Mexican institutions shows us that this program is feasible of being adapted for being implemented in countries with fragmented health system such as Mexico. The fishbone diagram below (Figure 1) lists the barriers impacting the development of FLSs inMexico. These barriers include a series of factors required for an effective and efficient FLS. All these factors were exacerbated by the COVID-Sars2. Conclusion: Fragility fractures represent a health problem in Mexico and in the world. This study reviews and puts forward the implementation of FLS as a feasible and cost-effective alternative in health institutions in our country.
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The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of the effective utilisation of internet-based technologies in Additive Manufacturing (AM) through its practical implications in various areas. The key technologies that comprise the Industry 4.0 paradigm and have been previously implemented into the AM process possess immense potential to bring about miraculous manufacturing changes. The ongoing pandemic situation, too, has pushed the industries into the deployment of advanced technologies to deal effectively with the major challenges that followed COVID-19 and to keep up with customers' expectations. Therefore, manufacturing industries need to adopt the latest internet-based technologies into AM, especially for lean and optimised manufacturing and perceived proficiency of advanced printing technologies. This paper identifies goals of sustainable manufacturing that can be accomplished as a result of implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) in 3D printing technology. Also, since the Internet of Things-enabled AM process is an entirely new concept, limited sources are available in this field. Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases are used to conduct literature reviews. The study conducted is the most up-to-date information on Internet of Things-enabled AM and is rigorously analyzed to identify prospective application areas. Thus, IoT-enabled AM helps in producing sustainable solutions for humanity and in meeting customers' demands in the stipulated period, thereby contributing to mass personalisation, which is the ultimate goal of Industry 4.0. © 2021 Kingfa Scientific and Technological Co. Ltd.
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Student learning experience can be disrupted significantly if the plan of study changes suddenly like it did due to the COVID-19 global pandemic in March 2020. The purpose of this paper is to compare the outcomes of two courses at Indiana State University such as student grades, number of students dropping the course, available resources, etc. before (pre-) and during (post-) the pandemic. The compared two courses are from two separate departments where one course is Engineering Economics and the other course is DC Circuits and Design. The course DC Circuits and Design has both theory and laboratory components. The null hypothesis is that there exists no difference between the course grade outcomes of pre- and post- pandemic. The hypothesis has been tested using Chi-square goodness of fit test at p=0.1. Engineering Economics on-campus post-unplanned pandemic section in Spring 2020 is found to be significantly different from the pre-pandemic in Spring 2019. However, in the online section, there is no difference between the post- and pre- because the online section is planned for virtual mode. Similar finding is reached for DC Circuits and Design that the post-unplanned pandemic section in Spring 2020 is found to be significantly different from the pre-pandemic in Fall 2019;but the post-planned in Fall 2020 is found to be statistically same as the pre-pandemic. Practical implication of this study will be helpful in planning to teach courses for pandemics or other situations outside of our control. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2021
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Laboratories have always been considered an integral part of undergraduate engineering education. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has globally affected higher education and educators are devising innovative ways to minimize the impact of the pandemic on student learning. The most popular approach of converting instruction to online is applicable for teaching theoretical knowledge. However, laboratory experiments require hands-on activities. Simulations can replace the hands-on experiments to a limited extend. Moreover, laboratory sessions involve social interaction as students work in groups, share laboratory equipment, and interact one-to-one with laboratory instructor. This paper explores the impact of COVID-19 on laboratory courses in Electronics and Computer Engineering Technology (ECET) department of Indiana State University (ISU) through statistical analysis of grade distribution of students and number of experiments covered. The authors present the comparison of Fall 2019 laboratory course when the challenges of pandemic did not exist with the Fall 2020 laboratory course when the precautions for COVID-19 pandemic were observed. The comparison is done for laboratory courses taught by the same instructor in Fall 2019 and Fall 2020. Faculty members from ECET department explain the adjustments they have made to their laboratory courses to minimize the impact of the pandemic on students learning. Overall, the authors managed to cover almost all the experiments in Fall 2020 as they used to cover in Fall 2019. The statistical comparison of final grade distribution also indicates no difference between these two semesters which were conducted under quite different circumstances. The null hypothesis is that there exists no difference between the course final grades for pre-pandemic (Fall 2019) and post-pandemic (Fall 2020) semesters. The hypothesis has been tested using Chi-square goodness of fit test at p=0.05. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2021
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Objective: To assess the C Reactive protein level as early predictor of Covid -19 Patients Methodology: COVID-19 patients were admitted in LG Hospital Lahore. The medical history of established patients of COVID-19 during October 2020 to December 2020 was studied. CRP level of Covid -19 patients were measured. Data was collected and entered using software SPSS version which was later analyzed. Results: A major rise of CRP levels 20 to 50 mg/L in Covid -19 patients was detected. Conclusion: The result of the study shows that rise of CRP level is directly associated with elevation of mortality of Covid -19 ailments. So, therefore, it is essential to observe CRP level .CRP level should be acclaimed for definite sign for sternness guess of Covid-19 patients.
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Background: So far more than 253 million cases & more than 5 million casualties worldwide, while more than 1 million cases and more than 28 thousand casualties have been reported in Pakistan due to pandemic of Novel Corona Virus (COVID19). At the end of December 2019, a pneumonia outbreak began in Wuhan China, which then quickly spread to entire world. The viral pneumonia was named “Corona Virus Disease (COVID19)” by WHO on 11th February 2020. On March 11, 2020;WHO declared this outbreak as “Pandemic”. Its mode of transmission includes contact transmission through mucous membranes of nose, mouth & fomites, and direct transmission through sneeze, cough and inhalation of droplets. It can be transmitted indirectly or directly via saliva, aerosols formed throughout clinical procedures and via contact. Clinical symptoms included fever, muscle ache or pain, cough. Incubation period of 1-14 days. In this pandemic, dentists are rated as highly exposed health care professionals to this disease Aims: To describe Coronaviruses and its modes of transmission and to discuss treatment considerations and precautionary measures or clinical strategies adopted by Oral health professionals to protect themselves and to prevent the spread of coronavirus in the dental setup Methodology: Since it's a Literature review article, so no methodology was required as such Results: It's a Literature review article Conclusion Standard precautionary measures and highly responsible behavior of a dentist will prevent the spread of this disease especially from asymptomatic patients.
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The Quality 4.0 concept is derived from the industrial fourth revolution, i.e., Industry 4.0. Quality 4.0 is the future of quality, where new digital and disruptive technologies are used to maintain quality in organizations. It is also suitable for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to maintain quality. This quality revolution aims to improve industrial and service sectors’ quality by incorporating emerging technologies to connect physical systems with the natural world. The proposed digital philosophy can update and enhance the entire TCM treatment methodology to become more effective and attractive in the current competitive structure of the pharmaceutical and clinical industries. Thus, in healthcare, this revolution empowers quality treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a major requirement in healthcare to maintain the quality of medical tools, equipment, and treatment processes during a pandemic. Digital technologies can widely be used to provide innovative products and services with excellent quality for TCM. In this paper, we discuss the significant role of Quality 4.0 and how it can be used to maintain healthcare quality and fulfill challenges during the pandemic. Additionally, we discuss 10 significant applications of Quality 4.0 in healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. These technologies will provide unique benefits to maintain the quality of TCM throughout the treatment process. With Quality 4.0, quality can be maintained using innovative and advanced digital technologies. © 2021 Digital Chinese Medicine
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Industry 4.0 is being implemented with the help of advanced technologies. Big data, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotics, Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud computing, and 3D printing are the major technologies used to adopt Industry 4.0 successfully. Here, the study's need is to discuss the major potential of big data for Industry 4.0. These technologies' primary purpose is to collect the right data to solve the relevant issue during manufacturing and other required services. This technology plays a significant role in creating advancements in this fourth industrial revolution. Conclusively, big data applications are useful for in-process management and productivity improvement in the automation sector. Complex systems of drivers and intelligent sensors can be easily optimized based on information collected using this technology. Big data is the key to gain a competitive leap by reconnoitring the fundamental issues like deviations during the process, quality discriminations, and energy efficiency squander in a manufacturing process. The study discusses the significant applications of big data in Industry 4.0. For a proper surveillance system, industries need to have an immensely technical or personalized way, making big data a valuable source for predicting analysis and operation management based on market insight statistics or information. In upcoming days, big data will provide further advancement in Industry 4.0 and is supposed to play an efficient role in its successful adoption.
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In these changing times, Industry 4.0 technologies are being adopted in many parts of the world. These technologies are used to develop smart materials, smart factories, smart logistics, smart warehousing and smart supply chains. In the business aspect, it has the potential to solve complex manufacturing problems. This paper provides a thorough study of various Industry 4.0 technologies for improving the material quality and manufacturing systems. We have listed out various available technologies, their characteristics, and benefits of effective management in the upcoming industries. Digital technologies help companies optimize their material wastage and inventory which ends up in cost reductions. With remote collaboration, on-site and off-site employees can easily collaborate as and when needed. These technologies ultimately reduce communication gaps and help them stay up to date with the information. Smart predictive analysis will help to properly monitor the equipment in the industries using Industry 4.0 technologies. Faults in materials can be detected and resolved at an early stage. Further, this provides transparency in the systems and processes and fulfills the required expectation of the customer. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Second International Conference on Aspects of Materials Science and Engineering (ICAMSE 2021).
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Background/Introduction: The European Registry for Rare Bone and Mineral Conditions (EuRR-Bone) was founded in April 2020 and is the affiliated registry of the European Reference Network for Rare Bone Diseases (ERN BOND). Purpose: As bone and mineral conditions are seen by a variety of specialists there is a close connection with the European Registries for Rare Endocrine Conditions (EuRRECa) and its affiliated ERN Rare Endocrine Diseases (Endo-ERN). EuRR-Bone is open not only to centres within these ERNs but also to others and consists of a core registry for all cases and an e-reporting registry for new cases. Methods: The latter is accomplished via an electronic reporting platform, e-REC (e-Reporting of Rare Conditions), a light touch approach that does not collect personally identifiable information. Unique IDs for reported cases are generated instantaneously and emailed to users to be stored locally at reporting centres. Data are available to all collaborators following approval by the joint Data Access Committee of EuRRECa and EuRR-Bone. Results: Until July 2020, 12 centres from 9 different countries joined, of which 5 are ERN BOND members and 10 are Endo-ERN members. A total of 23 adults and 20 children were newly diagnosed with a Bone and Mineral condition. Amongst adults, the most frequently reported conditions were fibrous dysplasia and PTH independent hypercalcemia, while in children pseudohypoparathyroidism and osteogenesis imperfecta were the most reported. Since April 2020, the e-REC platform is also being used to capture the occurrence of a new COVID19 infection in a patient with an existing bone or mineral condition. Conclusion(s): e-REC is a promising tool enabling clinical networks to objectively map conditions and related activity, providing a better understanding of the occurrence of the rare bone and mineral conditions.
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Background and aims: The world is currently facing multifaceted problems due to the emergence of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. Blockchain technology (BT) plays a vital role in creating a platform for adequately managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The latest information on the blockchain and its application in solving challenging problems due to the COVID-19 pandemic are collected and discussed from the available literature searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar. Results: In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based platform to combat this pandemic. Furthermore, we have identified and discussed nine significant applications of blockchain in solving the problem arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The severity of COVID-19 was so tremendous that the World Health Organization (WHO) had to declare it as a pandemic within a month of its full-scale expansion. The greatest challenge most governments are suffering from is the lack of a precise mechanism to detect the newly infected cases and predict coronavirus infection risk. So, we need a technology-empowered solution to fight during this COVID-19 crisis. The various features of blockchain technology, such as decentralization, transparency, and immutability, can help control this pandemic by early detection of outbreaks, fast-tracking drug delivery, and protecting user privacy during treatment. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.
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Background and aims: Coronavirus (COVID-19) has surfaced as a global pandemic and has created an unprecedented global demand for medical equipment. The shortage of onsite workforce, need for social distancing and less time available for sourcing have further made it difficult for the governments and the medical professionals to combat the pandemic. This study’s prime objective is to review the advancements in the area of 3D printing to develop medical equipment and explore the potential of 3D printing in addressing the shortage of medical equipment mainly the personal protective equipment (PPE) amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: 3D printing or additive manufacturing has emerged as a new manufacturing process with tremendous potential to develop complex products in short time with minimal human interventions. The paper summarises 3D printing’s potential to serve the increasing need for medical equipment, mainly personal protective equipment (PPE) and ventilator equipment in the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The minimum human interventions required to carry out production using 3D printing also make the technology an excellent option to deal with the current situation. Conclusions: The recommendations and opinions presented in the paper shall act as a stimulant to develop components very critical for the pandemic and help save precious lives globally. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.